Essays and articles

In Essays and articles, we seek a space to think calmly and connect philosophy, science and spirituality, respecting their differences and the reasons supporting each claim. We can begin with a familiar question, follow the examples and revisit the arguments without needing prior training. Context and sources help us understand the ideas and develop our own judgement.

Philosopher in Meditation, by Rembrandt: a man beside a window and a spiral staircase. — Rembrandt, Philosopher in Meditation, 1632 · Public domain (PD-Art). Source and rights

Reading philosophy

How to start reading philosophy on your own without feeling overwhelmed

A guide to choosing a question, finding your way through sources and beginning to read attentively.

Engraving of Plato’s cave: people watch projected shadows while others move towards the light. — Jan Pietersz Saenredam, after Cornelis Cornelisz van Haarlem, *Plato’s Cave*, 1604. National Gallery of Art, Washington, Ailsa Mellon Bruce Fund, 1983.61.1 · Public domain. A conceptual illustration of appearance and knowledge; it does not depict the tree experiment or provide a scientific explanation of perception.

Reality and knowledge

What can we know about reality?

Perception, Berkeley, Kant and the limits of knowledge.